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One or more messages about the same topic is a ?

User Johankj
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1 Answer

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Answer:

This is the case of redundancy or the repeated data. It means that the same data is being repeated again and again. And its the wastage of time and memory both. The redundancy must be removed in all circumstances. However, we cannot as without it proper normalization of data is not possible.

Step-by-step explanation:

The answer is self explanatory.