Answer:
1,495,672
Explanation:
Build a table to track the number of adult rats, 3-week old rats (let's call them teens), and baby rats.
![\left[\begin{array}{ccccc}Week&Adult&Teen&Baby\\1&2&0&0\\3&2&0&10\\6&2&10&10\\9&12&10&10\\12&22&10&60\\15&32&60&110\\18&92&110&160\end{array}\right]](https://img.qammunity.org/2020/formulas/mathematics/middle-school/9zilsy8ubr4nfzfx8bhbbfj33b0gvtoehk.png)
The pattern is this: every 3 weeks, the number of adults becomes the previous number of adults + the number of teens. The number of teens becomes the previous number of babies. And the number of babies becomes the previous number of adults × 5.
Continuing:
![\left[\begin{array}{ccccc}Week&Adult&Teen&Baby\\1&2&0&0\\3&2&0&10\\6&2&10&10\\9&12&10&10\\12&22&10&60\\15&32&60&110\\18&92&110&160\\21&202&160&460\\24&362&460&1010\\27&822&1010&1810\\30&1832&1810&4110\\33&3642&4110&9160\\36&7752&9160&18210\\39&16912&18210&38760\\42&35122&38760&84560\\45&73882&84560&175610\\48&158442&175610&369410\\51&334052&369410&792210\end{array}\right]](https://img.qammunity.org/2020/formulas/mathematics/middle-school/94hwnr1amnz7xz0htlq0cbivwc74abtssl.png)
So at the end of the year, there are a total of 1,495,672 rats.