Answer:
(a) Contractionary fiscal policy
(b) Aggregate shifts leftwards
Step-by-step explanation:
Fiscal policy is a tool that is used by the government of a nation to control the fluctuations in the aggregate demand.
In this type of situation, government prefer to implement contractionary fiscal policy in the following form:
(1) Decreases government spending
(2) Increases taxes
When government increases taxes then as a result there is a fall in the consumer's disposable income. Therefore, the demand for the goods and services decreases in this economy and shifts the aggregate demand curve leftwards.