Question

If 500.0 mL of 0.10 M Ca2+ is mixed with 500.0 mL of 0.10 M SO42−, what mass of calcium sulfate will precipitate? Ksp for CaSO4 is 2.40×10−5. Express your answer to three significant figures and include the appropriate units.

Answer 1

The mass of calcium sulfate that will precipitate is 6.14 grams

Step-by-step explanation:

Step 1: Data given

500.0 mL of 0.10 M Ca^2+ is mixed with 500.0 mL of 0.10 M SO4^2−

Ksp for CaSO4 is 2.40*10^−5

Step 2: Calculate moles of Ca^2+

Moles of Ca^2+ = Molarity Ca^2+ * volume

Moles of Ca^2+ = 0.10 * 0.500 L

Moles Ca^2+ = 0.05 moles

Step 3: Calculate moles of SO4^2-

Moles of SO4^2- = 0.10 * 0.500 L

Moles SO4^2- = 0.05 moles

Step 4: Calculate total volume

500.0 mL + 500.0 mL = 1000 mL = 1L

Step 5: Calculate Q

Q = [Ca2+] [SO42-]

[Ca2+]= 0.050 M [O42-]

Qsp = (0.050)(0.050 )=0.0025 >> Ksp

This means precipitation will occur

Step 6: Calculate molar solubility

Ksp = 2.40 * 10^-5 = [Ca2+][SO42-] =(x)(x)

2.40 * 10^-5 = x²

x = √(2.40 * 10^-5)

x = 0.0049 M = Molar solubility

Step 7: Calculate total CaSO4 dissolved

total CaSO4 dissolved = 0.0049 M * 1 L * 136.14 mol/L = 0.667 g

Step 8: Calculate initial mass of CaSO4

Since initial moles CaSo4 = 0.050

Initial mass of CaSO4 = 0.050 * 136.14 g/mol

Initial mass of CaSO4 = 6.807 grams

Step 9: Calculate mass precipitate

6.807 - 0.667 = 6.14 grams

The mass of calcium sulfate that will precipitate is 6.14 grams