Final answer:
The described scenarios are examples of curiosity or exploratory behavior, which are crucial aspects of animal behavior where individuals interact with and learn about their environment. Such behaviors can be shaped by both innate tendencies and learned experiences.
Step-by-step explanation:
All of the described scenarios are examples of curiosity or exploratory behavior in animals, including humans. This type of behavior is common in many species and is a way for individuals to learn about their environment. In psychology, this behavior is often studied under the umbrella of animal behavior, which can be influenced by innate drives and learned experiences.
For example, your dog may associate packages with new toys or treats, hence it jumps on you to investigate the package. Similarly, your niece's behavior of opening kitchen cupboards is a way for her to satisfy her curiosity and learn about her surroundings. The monkey, in a comparable fashion, is showing signs of problem-solving as it attempts to open the box which represents a novel stimulus in its environment.
These behaviors demonstrate an element of learning and adaptability, which are key components of animal behavior. For instance, classical conditioning, as demonstrated in Pavlov's experiments, shows how the association between stimuli can elicit certain behaviors in animals. Similarly, behaviors can also be learned through consequences as seen when a dog avoids the sofa after being scolded, or when a bird avoids poisonous insects after becoming ill post-consumption.