Answer:
D. Solar Eclipse
Step-by-step explanation:
This is quite a phenomenal occurrence. Please, allow me to explain why D is correct.
A. A New Moon: This is the moon's first lunar phase. This is such a phase during which the sun and earth are located at nearly precise opposite ends of the moon, an occurrence that renders the moon nearly (if not) entirely invisible by the naked eye from an earthly perspective. This is not an occurrence that renders darkness during daylight.
B & C: (Partial & Total) Lunar Eclipse: A Lunar Eclipse is a beautiful occurrence that is visible only during nightfall, but can be witnessed from any location on earth that is currently facing away from the sun (a.k.a. nighttime hours). This occurs when the earth, sun, and moon are nearly perfectly aligned, with the sun and moon at opposite ends of the earth. The earth blocks the light of the sun, and though the side facing the sun won't experience any difference, the side facing away from the sun will be able to see the light from the sun beam around the earth, hitting the moon and reflecting back on us. The shadow of the earth entirely covers the moon during this event. The phases determines exactly what we see and to what degree/extent. This eclipse itself can happen numerous times a year, though only in Partial or Penumbral phases.
D. A Solar Eclipse: A solar eclipse is a breathtaking and oftentimes somewhat terrifying occurrence during which the moon passes perfectly in between the earth and the sun. Unlike a New Moon, however, this occurrence is perceived during the day, so for the side of the earth FACING the sun. When the moon is making its journey in between the sun and earth (which takes roughly 3-5m), the massive silhouette of the moon can be seen blotting out the sun, effectively causing a brief moment of darkness during daytime hours. This occurence is considered remarkably rare because DESPITE it occuring once per year, it can ONLY be viewed from specific locations on earth.