Question

HELP WITH ECONOMICS 30 POINTS

1. What is the difference between progressive and regressive methods of taxation? Explain.



2. Identify actions a government can take to protect its domestic industries. Describe the effects that these actions have on domestic consumers.


3. Describe the difference between public goods and private goods. Explain why government action is necessary to ensure the provision of public goods.


4. What does the government do to protect competition in a free-market system? Explain why the government needs to take these actions.


5. How can censorship negatively affect economic activity?

Answer 1

1. What is the difference between progressive and regressive methods of taxation? Explain.

A progressive tax is a kind of tax which takes a bigger percentage of income from taxpayers as their income is increasing. An example of it would be the federal income tax.

A regressive tax is the opposite of progressive tax. The higher-income taxpayers would pay, the smaller percentage of their income than lower-income taxpayers since the tax itself isn’t based on the ability of paying it. An example would be the state sales tax.

2. Identify actions a government can take to protect its domestic industries. Describe the effects that these actions have on domestic consumers.

The government has few choices of action to protect its domestic industries. It can implement trade barriers as for example the import quotas and tariffs on imported goods. The two are both lower the consumer's welfare. The tariffs usually would increase the prices of imported goods, therefore consumers would choose the domestic good, meanwhile the import quotas decrease the supply of imports and consumers are obligated to purchase domestic goods of prices higher than the imported goods.


3. Describe the difference between public goods and private goods. Explain why government action is necessary to ensure the provision of public goods.

The public good would be a non rival and non excludable good. It means that one’s consumption doesn’t affect the consumption of the other and that one cannot prevent the other from consuming a good of product.

The private good is on the contrary a rival and excludable kind of good. It means that for example if one owns a car of a limited series than there is not enough of it for everybody to own and the person is not obligated to allow anybody to drive his car.

There are few reasons for which the government’s action is necessary to ensure the provision of public goods such as the very efficiency of this action, the goods and services might be beneficial not only for the purchaser, but other individuals, the value of the good and service becomes greater than what an individual can pay, and also it boosts the economic equity.


4. What does the government do to protect competition in a free-market system? Explain why the government needs to take these actions.

The government applies equal taxes and regulations to protect the competition. It needs to apply those in order to prevent the creation of monopoly.

5. How can censorship negatively affect economic activity?

The censorship has at its core to prevent or to minimalize one’s knowledge or access to a product, therefore as a consequence it can increase the prices and have negative consequences on companies and economy in general.

Answer 2

1) A progressive tax is defined as a tax whose rate increases as the payer's income increases. That is, individuals who earn high incomes have a greater proportion of their incomes taken to pay the tax. A regressive tax, on the other hand, is one whose rate increases as the payer's income decreases.

2) The government has few choices of action to protect its domestic industries. It can implement trade barriers as for example the import quotas and tariffs on imported goods. The two are both lower the consumer's welfare. The tariffs usually would increase the prices of imported goods, therefore consumers would choose the domestic good, meanwhile the import quotas decrease the supply of imports and consumers are obligated to purchase domestic goods of prices higher than the imported goods.

3) Public good is a commodity or service that is provided without profit to all members of a society while private goods is a product that must be purchased to be consumed. There are few reasons for which the government's action is necessary to ensure the provision of public goods such as the very efficiency of this action, the goods and services might be beneficial not only for the purchaser, but other individuals, the value of the good and service becomes greater than what an individual can pay, and also it boosts the economic equity.

4) The government applies equal taxes and regulations to protect the competition. It needs to apply those in order to prevent the creation of monopoly.

5) The censorship has at its core to prevent or to minimalism one's knowledge or access to a product, therefore as a consequence it can increase the prices and have negative consequences on companies and economy in general.