Question

A 30-year-old heroin addict who is positive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is hospitalized because of generalized edema. Laboratory studies show proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, hyperlipidemia, and lipiduria. Which of the following diseases is most likely to be diagnosed by a biopsy of the kidney?

a. Lipoid nephrosis
b. Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
c. Membranous nephropathy
d. IgA nephropathy
e. Amyloidosis

Answer 1

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.

Step-by-step explanation:

Nephrotic syndrome may be defined as the medical condition in which excess protein is excreted in the urine. The level of albumin is low and the individual suffers from edema as well.

The clinical condition of this patients shows that he has been suffering from nephrotic syndrome. The individual with HIV positive case shows the focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. The glomerulus is affected mostly and later the nephrotic condition becomes worse due to damage of glomeruli.

Thus, the correct answer is option (b).