Answer: Scale factor is 1/3, x is 6, and y is 24.
Step-by-step explanation: I got the scale factor by simple multiplication. If it's a reduction, 12 times what is 4. The answer is 1/3. To get x, I multiplied 18 by 1/3 and got 6. To get y, instead of multiplying by 1/3, I multiplied by 3 because in this case, you gotta get from 8 to x.