Answer:
The correct answer is: 1) Information-processing, 2) Stage.
Step-by-step explanation:
An information-processing approach is an approach to the study of cognitive processing which proposes that humans are not passive subjects in information processing, thus they not only respond to environmental stimuli but rather they process the information they receive.
The information-processing approach explains how the brain encods, stores and retrieves information.
The stage approach explains the development of cognitive abilities in the sense that the development occurs in distinct and separate stages, and levels of cognitions are reached in said different stages.