Final answer:
The Constitution established a bicameral legislature to address the imbalance of representation between large and small states and to correct weaknesses under the Articles of Confederation. It includes two chambers, the House of Representatives and the Senate, that must both pass identical bills, making the legislative process deliberate and stable.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Constitution established a bicameral legislature to address several issues resulting from the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation. This structure was adopted as a compromise to balance representation between large and small states. A bicameral legislature consists of two chambers, the House of Representatives and the Senate.
The House of Representatives is designed to represent the people directly through proportional representation, allowing larger states more representatives, while the Senate was created to represent state interests equally, with each state having two senators. The Great Compromise, reached during the Constitutional Convention, solidified this arrangement which mixes elements of both proportional and equal representation.
Furthermore, a bicameral system makes the legislative process more complex and deliberative. By requiring both chambers to pass identical bills, it prevents hasty legislation and ensures that multiple perspectives are considered. This also helps to give voice to different sectors of society and maintain a stable government by making large-scale reforms challenging to enact.