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Cell structure and function

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5 votes

Answer:

Background Information

Read the introductory paragraphs and answer the following questions in your own words. Use complete sentences, and provide textual evidence to support your answers.

How many cells does the human body have, and how many different types are there? Complete the sentence below.

The human body has 37cells and there are 200 different types.

What does the author want readers to imagine as they begin reading? Why?

Write your response in the space provided.

The author wants the reader to imagine the topic or the focus of their writing because the author wants to attract people into reading such an interesting book.

Text-dependent Questions

Use quotes from the text or summarize the text in your own words to answer the following questions or prompts. Use complete sentences, and provide textual evidence to support your answers. Note: The first one has been completed for you.

What material does the nucleus contain? What is the purpose of this material?

The nucleus contains "the cell's genetic material, DNA." DNA makes protein molecules to help with almost every cellular process.

Using evidence from the text, describe the purpose of the cell membrane.

Write your response in the space provided.

The plasma membrane, or the cell membrane, provides protection for a cell. It also provides a fixed environment inside the cell, and that membrane has several different functions. One is to transport nutrients into the cell and also to transport toxic substances out of the cell.

How do the two types of endoplasmic reticulum differ?

Write your response in the space provided.

The ER can be classified in two functionally distinct forms: smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) and rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER). The morphological distinction between the two is the presence of protein-synthesizing particles, called ribosomes, attached to the outer surface of the RER.

Using evidence from the text, describe the purpose of the Golgi complex.

Write your response in the space provided.

The job of the Golgi apparatus is to process and bundle macromolecules like proteins and lipids as they are synthesized within the cell

Based on this excerpt, summarize the job of mitochondria.

Excerpt: "About the size of pickup trucks from where you're floating, the organelles called mitochondria convert energy from your food into adenosine triphosphate, or ATP, to power biochemical reactions. A typical cell burns through 1 billion molecules of ATP every 1 to 2 minutes."

Write your response in the space provided.

it makes ATP for the cell which is required to perform all the basic functions in a cell.it has an enzyme ATP synthase which makes ATP from ADP by photophosphorylation mitochondria plays a very important role in a cell.

Fact vs. Opinion

Read each statement and decide if it is a fact (can be proven with evidence) or an opinion (personal belief).

Fact or Opinion

Write the word in the box below.

8

Different cell types also have special duties, like building skin or bone, pumping out hormones, or making antibodies.

fact

9

Animal cells are more interesting than plant cells.

opinion

10

Proteins are processed and lipids are manufactured in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus.

fact

Structure and Purpose

Use the text and visuals to answer the following questions. Use complete sentences, and provide textual evidence to support your answers.

How does the author structure (arrange) the article?

Write your response in the space provided.

They usually do it in sections that feature different central ideas or topics

What is the purpose of the subheadings?

Write your response in the space provided.

The main purpose of sub-headings is to grab the reader's attention. They encourage the reader to keep reading and help break the text down into manageable chunks. Sub-headings are like hooks - they get the reader to stop, look, and read through the information.

User UKMonkey
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6 votes

Answer:

Cells can be described as the basic unit of life. Each cell in a multicellular organism is specialized to perform specific tasks. The structure of each cell depends on the specialized function that it has to perform. Generally, each cell possesses :

Mitochondria: To carry out cellular respiration.

Vacuole: to support the cell.

Nucleus: It contains the genetic material.

Chromosomes: They contain DNA.

Ribosome: To make proteins.

Endoplasmic reticulum: Transport of proteins to the Golgi complex

Golgi apparatus: Modification of proteins according to its specific function.

Cell membrane: to protect the cell.

Cytoplasm: The watery fluid where all the organelles float.

User Cyval
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