Answer:
d. high parental control, a difficult temperament, and high intelligence
Step-by-step explanation:
Students usually become resilient when they face obstacle in the form of control or restrictions and that leads them to do the opposite of what is required of them.
Carlos is obviously intelligent since he is the first one to reach college.
Resilient because he has strict parents leading to high parental control which also leads him to develop a difficult temperament.