Final answer:
During translation, the ribosome reads mRNA codons and tRNA molecules bring the correct amino acids that are connected by peptide bonds to form a polypeptide chain, which eventually folds into a functional protein. The correct answer to the question is that peptide bonds connect amino acids.
B is correct
Step-by-step explanation:
The process of translation is how a cell converts the information held in messenger RNA (mRNA) into a sequence of amino acids, which form a protein. It occurs in the cell's ribosome, where transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules bring amino acids that match the mRNA codons—the instructions for the amino acid sequence. Peptide bonds connect these amino acids together to form a polypeptide chain, which eventually folds into a functional protein.
In the detailed steps of translation, the ribosome facilitates the formation of a peptide bond between the amino group of one amino acid and the carboxyl group of the preceding one, releasing a molecule of water. This process repeats, creating a long chain of amino acids until the ribosome encounters a stop codon, which signals the end of the protein synthesis. Afterward, the protein undergoes further processing and folding to become a functional molecule that can carry out specific tasks within the cell.