Answer:
A) When the study has life-or-death implications
Step-by-step explanation:
By the phrase, "life-or-death implications" means the task is extremely important to perform. If the task is not perform, it can cause a much larger harm or damage to somebody which can be very serious, even somebody can die.
So when the study has a life-or-death implications, it shows that the study is very important and if not acted immediately or a small effect can bring a great harm or damage.
Thus the answer is
A) When the study has life-or-death implications