Question

Macrophages express multiple types of receptors on their surface that stimulate phagocytosis of microbes, leading to pathogen internalization and destruction. Many of these receptors, such as Dectin-1, rely on direct recognition of a PAMP on the pathogen surface. However, some receptors that stimulate phagocytosis rely on soluble factors (not associated with the phagocyte membrane) to identify and mark the pathogen for uptake by the phagocyte. One such receptor is:a) The class A scavenger receptorb) The complement receptorc) The mannose receptord) The macrophage C-type lectin receptore) The lipid receptor

Answer 1

The receptor type in macrophages that requires soluble factors for phagocytosis stimulation is the complement receptor, which operates with complement proteins that opsonize pathogens.

Step-by-step explanation:

The receptor that stimulates phagocytosis and relies on soluble factors to identify and mark the pathogen for uptake by the phagocyte is the complement receptor. These receptors use complement proteins that opsonize pathogens, enhancing their recognition and making it easier for macrophages to ingest them. Unlike other receptors such as Dectin-1 that directly recognize PAMPs on the pathogen surface, complement receptors function with the aid of opsonins, which are part of the soluble mediators of the innate immune response.

Macrophages express multiple types of receptors on their surface that stimulate phagocytosis of microbes, leading to pathogen internalization and destruction. Some receptors that stimulate phagocytosis rely on soluble factors to identify and mark the pathogen for uptake by the phagocyte. One such receptor is the complement receptor, which recognizes molecules that are shared by pathogens but distinguishable from host molecules.

Answer 2

B. The complement receptor

Step-by-step explanation:

The complement system (part of the innate immune system) uses receptors called the complement receptor that binds to proteins of the complement system to detect foreign bodies without intervention of antibodies