Question

Anaphase ii is essentially the same as mitotic anaphase except that in anaphase ii ______ and in mitotic anaphase ______.

Answer 1

Anaphase II is similar to mitotic anaphase in that sister chromatids separate, but occurs after chromosome number has been reduced in meiosis I, leading to non-identical daughter cells due to crossover events.

Step-by-step explanation:

Anaphase II is essentially the same as mitotic anaphase except that in anaphase II the sister chromatids (now individual chromosomes) are separated without the reduction of chromosome number, and in mitotic anaphase, the sister chromatids are also separated, resulting in two identical daughter cells. One key difference is that anaphase II occurs after the chromosome number has already been halved during meiosis I, which is why meiosis II does not result in a further reduction in chromosome number.

During anaphase II, the sister chromatids are pulled apart by the kinetochore microtubules and move toward opposite poles, similarly to what occurs in mitotic anaphase. The nonkinetochore microtubules elongate the cell during this process as well. However, unlike in mitosis, the cells produced by meiosis II are not genetically identical because of crossover events that occur during meiosis I.

Answer 2

In anaphase II, cells are haploid and in mitotic anaphase, cells are diploid.

Step-by-step explanation:

During anaphase II of meiosis and anaphase of mitosis, splitting of the centromere is followed by separation of sister chromatids. These sister chromatids are now called daughter chromosomes. The daughter chromosomes move towards opposite poles of the cell.

However, the cells in anaphase II are haploid since homologous chromosomes have been separated from each other during anaphase I. On the other hand, the cells in anaphase of mitosis are diploid and the resultant daughter cells are also diploid.