Answer:
Infrastructure
Step-by-step explanation:
Infrastructure is a term used to describe a country's basic physical systems of transportation, communication, building, and power distribution. These physical systems are capital intensive investments. They are vital for a countries economic development and prosperity of its population. However, they do not affect the rate of population growth.
Population growth is affected by the increase or decrease of people in a country. The issues that lead to the addition or reduction of people include births, deaths, and migrations.
Fertility rate measures the number of births per 1000 women, while life expectancy indicates the average years a person is expected to live. Net migration shows the number of people that have moved into a country. These three factors contribute to population growth. Infrastructure is the odd one because it has nothing to do with people's overall tally.