Question

The molar heat capacity of ethane is represented in the temperature range 298 K to 400 K by the empirical expression Cp,m in J K1 mol 14.73 + (0.1272 T in K). The corresponding expressions for C(e) and H2(g) are given in the back of the Atkins textbook. Calculate the standard enthalpy of formation of ethane at 373 K from its value at 298 K, in kJ mol

Answer 1

-88.66 kJ/mol

Step-by-step explanation:

The expressions of heat capacity (Cp,m) for C(s) and for H₂(g) are:

C(s): Cp,m/(J K-1 mol-1) = 16.86 + (4.77T/10³) - (8.54x10⁵/T²)

H₂(g): Cp,m/(J K-1 mol-1) = 27.28 + (3.26T/10³) + (0.50x10⁵/T²)

Cp = A + BT + CT⁻²

For the Kirchoff's Law:

ΔHf = ΔH°f +
`\int\limits^(T2)_(T1) {DCp(T)} \, dT`

Where ΔH°f is the enthalpy at 298 K, T1 is 298 K, T2 is the temperature given (373 K), and DCp is the variation of Cp (products less reactants). ΔH°f for ethene is -84.68 kJ/mol and the reaction is:

2C(s) + 3H₂(g) → C₂H₆

So, DCp:

dA = A(C₂H₆) - [2xA(C) + 3xA(H₂)] = 14.73 - [2x16.86 + 3x27.28] = -100.83

dB = B(C₂H₆) - [2xB(C) + 3xB(H₂)] = 0.1272 - [2x4.77x10⁻³ + 3x3.26x10⁻³] = 0.10788

dC = C(C₂H₆) - [2xC(C) + 3xC(H₂)] = 0 - (2x(-8.54x10⁵) + 3x0.50x10⁵) = 15.58x10⁵

dCp = -100.83 + 0.10788T + 15.58x10⁵T⁻²

`\int\limits^(373)_(298) {-100.83 + 0.10788T + 15.58x10^5T^(-2)} \, dT` = -3796.48 J/mol = -3.80 kJ/mol (solved by a graphic calculator)

ΔHf = -84.68 - 3.80

ΔHf = -88.66 kJ/mol