Answer:
Protons and electrons
Step-by-step explanation:
- The atoms are made up of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
- The physical and chemical characteristics of an atom are determined by the number of these particle composition.
- The protons present in the center of an atom called the nucleus is positively charged.
- The neutrons are also located in the nucleus of an atom with no charge.
- The electrons has a negative charge and it is placed around the nucleus having different shells and quantum state.
- The charges of the protons and electrons are denoted by +q and -q. The quantization of these charges are +1, +2, ... and -1, -2, .... etc.