Answer: The Great Compromise.
Explanation: Initially, Constitutional delegates from small states and large states contentiously debated how they should be represented in federal legislature. States with larger populations, such as Virginia and New York, advocated for a legislative system in which the number of seats each state had was proportional to its population. Known as the Virginia Plan, smaller states were afraid that this would grant the larger states unjust power. Therefore, smaller states proposed a plan in which each state had the same number of seats in the legislative system. To prevent further argument, states reached a compromise in which one house of the bi-cameral (two house) legislature would have seats determined by population (House of Representatives) and one with equal number of seats regardless of population (Senate).