Answer:
Initiative vs. guilt.
Step-by-step explanation:
Erik Erikson (1902-1994) was a German-born American psychologist. He developed the theory of stages of psychosocial development, where he identifies the eight psychological stages a human being goes through during his lifetime. He argues that each of these stages have a series of existential questions and psychological crises as a result of the interaction between the individual and society. Resolving a crisis leads to personal improvement and betterment.
In the initiative vs. guilt stage, between ages 5-8, children learn how to the world works and how their actions can have an effect on it. Children develop initiative and take on many different activities. However, these activities can overstep other people's personal boundaries. This leads to a crisis between the initiative of children to satisfy their own desires and the guilt they may experiment from negatively affecting other people with their behavior. In our example, Zachary has reached the stage where he's internalized the lessons of his parents about how lying is wrong. This makes him feel guilty, meaning he's developing a consciousness of what's right and wrong, thus successfully resolving the initiative vs. guilt crisis.