Answer:
1) A bond of an Eastern European government
2) A bond that repays the principal in year 2040
3) A bond from a software company you run in your garage
4) A bond issued by the federal government
Step-by-step explanation:
Term: Long-term bonds are riskier than short-term bonds because holders of long-term bonds have to wait longer for repayment of principal. To compensate for this risk, long-term bonds usually pay higher interest rates than short-term bonds.
Credit risk: When bond buyers perceive that the probability of default is high, they demand a higher interest rate as compensation for this risk.
Tax treatment: When state and local governments issue bonds, the bond owners are not required to pay federal income tax on the interest income. Because of this tax advantage, bonds issued by state and local governments typically pay a lower interest rate than bonds issued by corporations or the federal government.