Answer:
A. the Act of 1572
Step-by-step explanation:
According to the excerpt from "The Time Traveler's Guide to Elizabethan England," the Act of 1572 did not allow independent actors to perform freely, since they had to be given permission or be sponsored by lords. Otherwise, autonomous actors were considered homeless and beggars, and were likely to be arrested. Therefore, theatre companies named after their lord emerged and were given consent to perfom.