Type of figurative language: Metaphor
Meaning of figurative language: A figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable.
Effect on tone and mood: The use of metaphors in this excerpt give it a sad and gloomy tone. This makes the mood quite depressive.
Effect on audience: The use of metaphors in this text creates a sad, gloomy tone. This makes the audience realize the pain and sorrow that racism can cause.