Question

1. Spanish and Portuguese officials who resided temporarily in Latin America

2. area dominated by Portugal form the sixteenth century forward: area dominated by Portugal form the sixteenth century forward
3. offspring of Europeans and Native Americans: offspring of Europeans and Native Americans
4. allowed Spanish authorities to draft native workers to work in silver mines: allowed Spanish authorities to draft native workers to work in silver mines
5. descendants of Europeans born in Latin America: descendants of Europeans born in Latin America

Answer 1

The answers are:

1- Peninsulares

2- Eastward Africa

3-Mestizo

4-The encomienda system

5-Creoles

Step-by-step explanation:

1-The peninsulares were the group of people who came directly from the Iberian Peninsula in Spain to the colonies in the Americas. The Iberian Peninsula is the geographical region comprised by Portugal and Spain.

2-Portugal decided to spread its empire down the western coast of Africa to the Congo, the western coast of India, and later to Brazil.

3- A person descending from combined European and Indigenous American descendants.

4- A system used in feudal Spain during the reconquest.The natives were supposed to provide tribute, they could also be made to work on a sugarcane plantation or in a mine.

5-Any person of European descent born in parts of America

Answer 2

1. Spanish and Portuguese officials who resided temporarily in Latin America: They were considered as "peninsulares", and encompassed the high bureaucracy in the colonies (from the viceroy, to the high military posts)

2. area dominated by Portugal form the sixteenth century forward: Brazil

3. offspring of Europeans and Native Americans: They were called "Mestizos".

4. allowed Spanish authorities to draft native workers to work in silver mines: There were two forms of draft, one in the Viceroyalty of New Spain (Mexico) which was the encomienda, and the other in the Viceroyalty of Peru that was called "mita". Both were essentially the same, allowing the use of native labor, but the "mita" also had the specificallity of being a native method of drafting, inherited from the Inca Empire.

5. descendants of Europeans born in Latin America: They were called "Criollos" (Creoles). They could own lands and encomiendas, but could not aspire to higher bureaucracy posts, with the position of Mayor being the highest honor they could aspire in the bureaucracy.