Answer: Encoding and retrieval
Step-by-step explanation:
Amelia is doing character encoding by converting one data that she is learning from another one, section of the texts that she will have on the test. She is using a pattern of learning that is good for her while she is doing the encoding process of memory.
Brian is referring to retrieval because he was learning about the function of the hippocampus, and he was knowing the answer of the question in some time, but he can't remember it now on the test.