Final answer:
Pair-programming is a coding technique involving two programmers working together, with the driver coding and the navigator reviewing. It enhances code quality and collaboration but requires good communication to address potential challenges.
Step-by-step explanation:
Pair-programming is a collaborative programming technique where two programmers work together at one workstation. One programmer, referred to as the driver, is responsible for typing the code and focusing on the immediate task at hand. Meanwhile, the other, known as the navigator, reviews each line of code as it is typed, thinking about the big picture, strategic direction, and potential issues or improvements.
The benefits of pair-programming include improved code quality, enhanced problem-solving, knowledge sharing, and reduced risk of missed mistakes. Challenges that could arise during pair-programming may include conflicts in coding style, differences in pace, and the need for strong communication skills. These challenges can be overcome through setting clear expectations, communication, and compromise between the two programmers.