Question

Why does the cell use proteasomes or lysosomes to destroy misfolded proteins or proteins that are no longer needed? Destruction of misfolded proteins assures that aberrant proteins are not sent to other parts of the cell, while degradation of other proteins may be used to terminate a biological process or recycle basic molecular building blocks. Destruction of misfolded proteins prevents the dissolution of the plasma membrane. These proteins can be degraded into components that can be used to make lipids. These proteins are degraded into components that can be used to make polysaccharides.

Answer 1

That's right, what really happens is that the cell needs a "trash can", just like we do, because sometimes, things can go wrong along the process.

The processes that the lysosomes can be involved are quite a lot, but the main one is the protein making. Why? Well, it's simple, there's a chance of mistake in each part of a protein our cells make through all the process, and when this happens, the cell recognizes it before this protein goes outside the cell, after this recognition, some flags are put in it to mark it.

This mark will work in a way that the protein will go into the lysosome, and in a lysosome, there are several kinds of enzymes, so this protein can be degrated into little components again, the amino acids, and these can be used again in the process of making a new one. This is the process of recycling the protein, whether it's a misfolded protein or even the ones that the body won't need it for now.