Final answer:
The kidneys maintain homeostasis by regulating water, ion levels, and pH balance in the blood, ensuring a stable internal environment necessary for cell functions.
Step-by-step explanation:
The kidneys regulate the levels of many chemicals and ions in the body. The term that best describes the result of this process is homeostasis. This vital function maintains a stable internal environment which is necessary for cells to function properly. The kidneys achieve homeostasis by filtering blood, retaining needed substances, and producing urine. They control the amount of water, ions (Na+, Ca++, and K+), and other substances in the blood. Hormones like aldosterone and angiotensin II are involved in sodium and potassium exchange, while PTH, calcitriol, and calcitonin regulate calcium and phosphate. In terms of acid-base balance, the kidneys regulate the pH of the blood by adjusting H+ ion levels. Acid-base balance and electrolyte concentration are crucial aspects of homeostasis that the kidneys help regulate.