Answer:
a) endergonic … requires an input of
Step-by-step explanation:
ATP is the energy currency of the cells. It has three terminal phosphate groups bonded by phosphoanhydride bonds. Breaking down these bonds releases a large amount of energy. ATP hydrolysis releases energy and ATP is converted into ADP. ADP has only two terminal phosphates.
ATP synthesis from ADP requires the addition of one more terminal phosphate to ADP via phosphoanhydride bond. The formation of this covalent bond is an endergonic process and requires the input of energy. ATP synthesis is driven by substrate-level phosphorylation or oxidative phosphorylation where oxidation of substrates or reducing powers drives the ADP phosphorylation.