Question

A study is carried out to determine the effect of party affiliation on voting behavior in a certain city. The city is divided up into wards. In each ward, the percentage of registered Democrats who vote is higher than the percentage of registered Republicans who vote. True or false: for the city as a whole, the percentage of registered Democrats who vote must be higher than the percentage of registered Republicans who vote. If true, why? If false, give an example.

Answer 1

The statement is false due to the fallacy of composition, as the pattern in individual wards does not necessarily apply to the city as a whole.

Step-by-step explanation:

The question concerns the effect of party affiliation on voting behavior and whether the observed pattern in wards can be generalized to the entire city. It is important to clarify that the statement is false due to the fallacy of composition; what holds true for individual parts does not necessarily hold true for the whole. Even if the percentage of registered Democrats who vote is higher than the percentage of registered Republicans in each ward, the overall percentage can be skewed by the sizes of the wards and the number of voters within them.

The fallacy of composition can lead to incorrect conclusions in analyzing voting patterns based on party affiliation across different regions.

Answer 2

True.

Step-by-step explanation:

Because by having the higher percentage of voters in each ward, the Democrats have a higher percentage than the Republicans in the city as a whole.

If the city represens the 100% of the voters and is divided into four wards, each ward represents the 25% of the people who vote.

Ward 1: 25% Democrats: 15%

Republicans: 10%

Ward 2: 25% Democrats: 13%

Republicans: 12%

Ward 3: 25% Democrats: 14%

Republicans: 11%

Ward 4: 25% Democrats: 18%

Republicans: 7%

If you add up the percentage of Democrats who vote you will get 60%

On the other hand, if you add up the percentage of the Republicans you will get 40%.

I hope this answer helps you.