Question

List the four cellular structures common to both prokaryotic and eukaryotic
organisms.

Answer 1

a) Cell membrane:

Cell is the microscopic unit of life whether it be prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell, both have cell membrane to hold on the organelles inside it.

b) Cytoplasm:

Though cytoplasm is not an organelle but generic term that describes everything within the plasma membrane. It is a semi liquid plasmic substance which is filled in the closed cell membrane. Organelles are present in it. It acts as a reservoir for amino acids, and other nutrients used in the daily life of the cell.

c) Ribosomes:

It is a natural protein uniter. It weaves one amino acid to other to form long chains.

d) DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid:

An extremely long set of molecules which is the most important ingredient of chromosomes and is the material which transfers genetic material in every living organism.

Answer 2

All cells share four common components: 1) a plasma membrane, an outer covering that separates the cell’s interior from its surrounding environment; 2) cytoplasm, consisting of a jelly-like region within the cell in which other cellular components are found; 3) DNA, the genetic material of the cell; and 4) ribosomes, particles that synthesize proteins. However, prokaryotes differ from eukaryotic cells in several ways.

Step-by-step explanation:

In nature, the relationship between form and function is apparent at all levels, including the level of the cell, and this will become clear as we explore eukaryotic cells. The principle “form follows function” is found in many contexts. For example, birds and fish have streamlined bodies that allow them to move quickly through the medium in which they live, be it air or water. It means that, in general, one can deduce the function of a structure by looking at its form, because the two are matched. A prokaryotic cell is a simple, single-celled (unicellular) organism that lacks a nucleus, or any other membrane-bound organelle. We will shortly come to see that this is significantly different in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic DNA is found in the central part of the cell: a darkened region called the nucleoid