Final answer:
A calculator is a device that accepts numeric inputs, carries out arithmetic operations, and displays results, with the microprocessor playing a key role in enhancing this functionality in digital calculators.
Step-by-step explanation:
A simple definition of a calculator is any device that can accept numeric inputs, perform computational functions, such as addition and subtraction, and communicate results. The development of the microprocessor, an integrated circuit that implements a computer processor, greatly enhanced the ability of devices like calculators and computers to process large amounts of information efficiently. Unlike a simple machine, which can multiply or augment a force, calculators and computers use digital signals and transistors to perform tasks such as data manipulation. This signifies a shift from the analog mechanisms used in devices like the analog meter, to the binary code processing capabilities of modern electronics thanks to advances such as the integrated circuit.