Final answer:
The ER, Golgi body, mitochondria, and ribosomes play crucial roles in the cell's function, with the ER and ribosomes producing proteins, the Golgi body processing them, and the mitochondria providing energy.
Step-by-step explanation:
The functions of various cell organelles are essential for the survival and proper functioning of the cell. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) serves as a manufacturing and packaging system. The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) is studded with ribosomes and is responsible for the synthesis of proteins, while the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is involved in the synthesis of lipids and detoxification processes. The Golgi body, or Golgi apparatus, modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for storage or transport out of the cell. The mitochondrion is known as the powerhouse of the cell because it generates most of the cell's supply of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used as a source of chemical energy. Lastly, ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis and are essential for all cells, including prokaryotic cells, for producing proteins needed for various functions.