Answer: Option 1) They stressed the benefit of competition over monopolies.
Step-by-step explanation: The nineteenth century witnessed the beginning of multi-state and multi-national businesses. The emergence of such businesses was partially possible because of expanding railroads. During this period, monopolies started coming to end and earning profit through competition became the new trend.
It was mainly because of the advent of railroads and railways that the organizations which were once monopolies got competitors. The healthy competition between such competitors helped them achieve growth and expand more and more. Thus, it can be said that the seeds of today's 'Corporate America' were sown by the expansion of railroads in the nineteenth century itself.