Question

The researchers discovered that the 12 populations could be organized into 3 distinct species. Populations A, B and C each belong to a different species. Use the data in the grid to sort each population to the species to which it belongs.

Species 1 includes species A

Species 2 includes species B

Species 3 includes species C

Answer 1

To sort the populations into species, the student must look at genetic relationships and reproductive compatibility with Populations A, B, and C. Speciation arises from reproductive isolation and genetic evolution, so a study of these factors helps in sorting the populations.

Step-by-step explanation:

To sort each of the 12 populations into the 3 distinct species mentioned, we must consider the characteristics that define a species. A species is a group of individuals that are genetically related and can breed to produce fertile offspring. Populations A, B, and C each belong to different species; hence, to sort the remaining populations into Species 1, Species 2, and Species 3, we would compare the genetic and reproductive compatibility of these populations with the populations (A, B, and C) representing each species. Furthermore, because species are often defined by reproductive isolation, we should consider how these populations are reproductively separated in natural conditions.

Speciation may occur when two populations become reproductively isolated from each other, leading to the evolution of separate species. As populations continue to evolve, they may accumulate genetic distinctions that result in the formation of new species. The concept of evolution within a population is key here, as the data on the genetic makeup of the populations would guide the sorting process.

In practice, the student would use data such as DNA sequences, ecological information, and reproductive behavior to sort each population into the correct species group. If it's found that populations share considerable genetic similarities and the potential for interbreeding with Population A, they would be classified under Species 1, and so on for Populations B and C.

Answer 2

Species 1(A): D F H I K

Species 2(B): L E

Species 3(C): G J

Explanation: the biological species concept defines a species as a group of populations whose members have the potential to interbreed in nature and produce viable, fertile offspring. This means that all members of these populations (called conspecifics) can contribute to a common gene pool. Conspecifics are organisms or populations that belong to the same species. Genes are transferred between conspecific populations through both direct and indirect gene flow.