The correct answer is C) Their location as a commercial hub.
What did Philadelphia and New Amsterdam have in common was their location as a commercial hub.
Philadephia was part of the Pennsylvania colony founded by William Penn. New Amsterdam was founded by the Dutch and was located in what today is New York City. Years later, the English took possession of New Amsterdam without any opposition from the Dutch. Both places, as part of the Middle colonies with New Jersey and Delaware, were known as the "Breadbasket of America" for the good crops they produced and exported to Europe.