Final answer:
The question addresses English morphology, specifically the use of prefixes, suffixes, and word roots in word formation. It involves matching definitions to word components and analyzing how certain sounds change in the process of combining these elements.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question at hand involves understanding and matching prefixes, suffixes, and word roots with their definitions, as well as analyzing how certain words are broken down into these components. In particular, it discusses cases where palatalization occurs, resulting in the letter spelling the sound [ch].
Palatalization often occurs in the context of certain prefixes like dis-, when they are combined with bases that begin with the letter g, ultimately forming words like digestion (from dis + gest + ion). Also discussed is the concept of assimilation, in which sounds change to become more similar to adjacent sounds. Examples include foreignness, venerableness, and various words where double letters like ss occur following the prefixes dis- and mis-.