Question

Not all telephone polls carried out to estimate

voter or consumer preferences make calls to cell

phones. One reason is that in the USA, automated

calls ("robocalls") to cell phones are not

permitted and interviews conducted by humans

are more costly.

a. How might the strategy of leaving out cell

phones affect the goal of obtaining a random

sample of voters or consumers?

b. Which criterion of random sampling is most

likely to be violated by the problems you

identifi ed in part (a): equal chance of being

selected, or the independence of the selection

of individuals?

c. Which attribute of estimated consumer preference

is most affected by the problem you

identifi ed in (a): accuracy or precision?

Answer 1

Leaving out cell phones from telephone polls can lead to selection bias and inaccurate estimates of consumer preference. This violation of random sampling affects the equal chance of being selected criterion. The problem of leaving out cell phones affects the accuracy of estimated consumer preference.

Step-by-step explanation:

Leaving out cell phones from telephone polls can affect the goal of obtaining a random sample of voters or consumers. This is because not including cell phones in the sample can lead to a selection bias, where the sample does not accurately represent the population being studied. In the case of telephone polls, leaving out cell phones can result in a sample that skews towards older individuals who are more likely to use landlines.

The criterion of random sampling that is most likely violated by leaving out cell phones is the equal chance of being selected. Since not all individuals have landlines and cell phones are increasingly popular, excluding cell phones from the poll means that individuals with only cell phones cannot be selected for the sample.

The problem of leaving out cell phones affects estimated consumer preference accuracy. By excluding cell phones, the poll is not capturing the preferences of the entire population, which can lead to inaccurate estimates of consumer preferences.

Answer 2

a) See answer below.

b) Equal chance of being selected.

c) Accuracy

Step-by-step explanation:

a. How might the strategy of leaving out cell phones affect the goal of obtaining a random sample of voters of consumers?

This strategy might affect the goal of obtaining a random sample by not choosing the sample from all the population of the USA. People who don't have a landline an only have a cell phone will have zero chance of being selected and therefore the polls will not be accurate.

b. Which criterion of random sampling is most likely to be violated by the problems you identified in part (a)?

Equal chance of being selected, since the people who only have cell phones will not be selected for the poll, this criterion of random sampling will be violated.

c. Which attribute of estimated consumer preference is most affected by the problem you identified in (a)

Accuracy. The definition of accuracy is how close a value really is to its true value.

By not selecting the sample from all the population, the results of the poll will likely be biased and therefore they might not be close to the actual preferences of consumers or voters.