Answer:
All of the above
Step-by-step explanation:
ATP synthase is a transmembrane protein enzyme. It harnesses the potential energy –proton motive force- created by the development of a proton gradient across a membrane (could be across the intermembrane space in chloroplast and mitochondria). As the H+ ions 'drain' back and pass through their channels in the protein enzyme, the synthase is able to phosphorylate ADP and Pi to form ATP.
These ATPs (from photophosporylation) in light-dependent phase, are used in the catabolism of glucose, in the light-indepedent phase.