Alright, here's what to do if you're at a restaurant and you need to tip 20%.
You owe 18.65$
18.65 * 1.2 = 22.38$
22.38$ is your total and what you pay.
So how does it work?
TLDR (Too Long, Didn't Read): I took 20% and added it back onto the check in one step.
I converted 20% into decimal.
There's 20%, 30%, 45%, etc.
These become .2, .3, .45 in decimal.
Why did I have a 1.2?
Because if I had multiplied by just .2, it would have given me just 20% of 18.65.
Anytime you multiply by less than 100%, you're going to end up with a number with less than what you started.
As they say, you're taking a "percentage" of what you started with.
So, because I'm adding 20% of the bill back onto the total, I just did it all in one step. I multiplied by a 120% so I'd get a number BIGGER than what I started. 120% in decimal is 1.2.
Any questions I can answer?