Final answer:
The circled constellation is named after a scorpion, known as the constellation Scorpio or Scorpius. This is one of the constellations inherited from ancient Greek and Roman culture, and it is identifiable by its tail and stinger shape.
Step-by-step explanation:
The night sky has fascinated humans for millennia, and in our pursuit to make sense of the patterns of stars, we have named groups of them into constellations. These constellations often represent animals, mythical creatures, and heroes from ancient legends. The names we use today are derived from the cultures of the ancient Greeks and Romans, such as the easily recognizable constellations like Scorpio the scorpion, Leo the lion, and Ursa Major the Big Bear.
Regarding the question at hand, of the given options, Scorpio is a constellation that is named after an animal and is represented by a scorpion. None of the other options (serpent, snake, salamander) match the circled constellation if it is indeed Scorpio. The constellation of Scorpio, or Scorpius as it is also known, is one of the most conspicuous constellations in the sky and is identified by a characteristic 'hook' shape that is reminiscent of a scorpion's tail and stinger.