Answer:
Independent variables
Step-by-step explanation:
The sentences shown in the question above are referring to the independent variables within an experiment.
An independent variable is one that is not changed by another variable, promotes changes and measurable results in the experiment, influences and causes effects in other variables and does not depend on any change.
An example of this can be seen in the "Analysis of the different amounts of sugar in the promotion of cavities". As you can see, the existence of caries is modified by the amount of sugar, which is not influenced by any other facts, therefore, the amount of sugar is the dependent variable.