Answer:
Involuntary affirmative action is a remedy imposed by a court when an employer has been found in violation of Title VII or the Equal Protection Clause.
Step-by-step explanation:
Involuntary affirmative action is a remedy for past discriminatory practices that, in contrast with voluntary affirmative action, is imposed by a court or by the government when an employer has been found in violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 or the Equal Protection Clause, which are federal statutes that prohibit employers with 15 or more employees from discriminating employees because of their sex, color, race, national origin or religion, and which guarantees people the equal protection of the laws, respectively.