Answer:
The phrases that help you figure out the meaning of penury are:
-There was no money for medicine, no money for even a night's lodging.
-Not only was there no money for food, but he had been unable to locate even a charity soup kitchen for a meal.
Step-by-step explanation:
In the first sentence the author says that "He had never before known such penury" and then in the next sentences he explains the situation, so those sentences help you figure out the meaning of the word that is being very poor as the author says that there was no money for medicine, lodging or food.