Answer:
1. Carbon has 4 valence electrons so it can achieve a full outer shell by forming 4 bonds. This is why carbon is the backbone of organic matter, it can make up primary chains.
2. Monomers joined together form polymers
3. 4 different types of macromolecules: carbohydrates, nucleic acids, proteins, lipids
Carbs--
contain elements C, O, N, made up of monomers joined together, ex: glucose & galactose
Nucleic Acids--
made up of nucleotides, a nitrogen-containing aromatic base attached to a pentose sugar which is attached to a phosphate group, ex: DNA & RNA
Proteins--
made up of amino acids, amino acids made from nucleotides linked by peptide bonds, ex: keratin
Lipids--
made up of glycerol backbone & fatty acid chains, fatty acid chains attached to a phosphate group which acts as the head, ex: phospholipid
4. This isn't a question...
5. Chemical reactions that absorb energy are endothermic and reactions that release energy are exothermic.
6. Lock and key model is when 2 organic molecules fit in one another perfectly, like a lock and key. Relates to biology when substrates fit like a key at an enzyme's binding site, the lock.
7. Write out reactants & products, write proper arrows, write states of matter, balance the chemical equation.
8. pH shows the concentration of H+ ions in a solution, or the acidity of a substance
9. Acids are less than 7 pH, Neutral solutions are around 7, bases are greater than 7
10. Water is uniquely useful to living organisms because its frozen state is less dense than its liquid state. When ice freezes over lakes, fish and other aquatic mammals can still live under the ice.
Step-by-step explanation: