Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
1. Mitosis is phase 1 Micrographs illustrating the progressive stages of mitosis in a plant cell. During prophase, the chromosomes condense, the nucleolus disappears, and the nuclear envelope breaks down. At metaphase, the condensed chromosomes align on the center of the spindle. The daughter chromosomes then move to opposite poles of the spindle (anaphase), and during telophase the chromosomes decondense and the nuclei re-form. Chromosomes are stained blue and spindle microtubules are stained red.
2. Phase 2 is In closed mitosis, the nuclear envelope remains intact and chromosomes migrate to opposite poles of a spindle within the nucleus. In open mitosis, the nuclear envelope breaks down and then re-forms around the two sets of separated chromosomes.
3. Dissolution of the nuclear lamina. The nuclear lamina consists of a meshwork of lamin filaments. At mitosis, Cdc2 and other protein kinases phosphorylate the lamins, causing the filaments to dissociate into free lamin dimers.
4. Breakdown of the nuclear membrane. As the nuclear lamina dissociates, the nuclear membrane fragments into vesicles. The B-type lamins remain bound to these vesicles, while lamins A and C are released as free dimers.
5. Chromosome condensation. Electron micrograph showing the condensation of individual chromosomes during the prophase of mitosis. (K. G. Murti/Visuals Unlimited.)
6. The first step in reassembly of the nuclear envelope is the binding of membrane vesicles to chromosomes, which may be mediated by both integral membrane proteins and B-type lamins. The vesicles then fuse, the nuclear lamina reassembles, and the chromosomes decondense.
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