Question

This pair of molecules are _____.The figure shows two ball-and-stick models of molecules. The first consists of five black balls, which form a cyclical structure. Each black ball has two white balls attached. The second has a chain of five black balls connected successively. Each of the two black balls, which are at the ends of the chain, has three white balls attached. Each of three other black balls has two white balls attached.

Answer 1

This pair of molecules are cyclopentane and pentane.

Step-by-step explanation:

For both structures, the black balls are Carbon atoms and the white balls are hydrogen atoms. Every Carbon atoms could attach four other atoms, and every Hydrogen atoms could attach only one atom. Thus, the first one is a cycle of five carbon atoms, in which every carbon is attached to the other two carbons and also to two atoms of hydrogen. This molecule is called cyclopentane.

The second one is a linear molecule, because the balls are connected successively. In which the ends two atoms of carbon have attached three atoms of hydrogen and the three intermediate carbons have attached two atoms of hydrogen. This molecule is called pentane.

Answer 2

Alkanes

Step-by-step explanation:

The description of the first molecule corresponds to a cycloalkane. In the cycloalkanes for each carbon atom there are 2 hydrogen atoms (CnH2n = C5H10).

The second molecule corresponds to an open chain alkane, where for every carbon atom there is double plus 2 hydrogen atoms (CnH (2n + 2) = C5H12)