Question

An acid is a polar substance that dissolves in water and

a. becomes nonpolar.
b. leaves behind an OH- ion.
c. accepts hydrogen ions from the solution.
d. donates hydrogen ions to the solution

Answer 1

Answer: d. donates hydrogen ions to the solution

Step-by-step explanation:

According to Arrhenius concept, a base is defined as a substance which donates hydroxide ions
`(OH^-)` when dissolved in water and an acid is defined as a substance which donates hydrogen ions
`(H^+)` in water.

`HX\rightarrow H^++X^-`

`BOH\rightarrow B^++OH^-`

According to the Bronsted Lowry conjugate acid-base theory, an acid is defined as a substance which donates protons and a base is defined as a substance which accepts protons.

Thus an acid is a polar substance that dissolves in water and donates hydrogen ions to the solution.

Answer 2

Answer: Option (d) is the correct answer.

Step-by-step explanation:

According to Bronsted and Lowry, acids are the species which dissociate in water to give hydrogen ions.

Whereas bases are the species which dissociate into water to give hydroxide ions.

Also, like dissolves like. So, when an acid is polar in nature and dissolved in water then it will completely dissociate into ions.

As a result, it will tend to donate hydrogen ions into the solution.

For example,
`HCl \rightarrow H^(+) + Cl^(-)`

Thus, we can conclude that an acid is a polar substance that dissolves in water and donates hydrogen ions to the solution.